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#1. What is the difference between a Great Circle and Rhumb Line?

a Rhumb Line crosses meridians at a constant angle, but a Great Circle does not

It is possible to fly one, but not the other.

Rhumb lines are used in flight planning but Great Circles are used in real flying

#2. Variation is:

The angular difference between true and compass north

The angular difference between true and magnetic north

The angular difference between isogonals and the agonic line

The angular difference between magnetic and compass north

#3. An aerodrome is marked on a chart with the letters FIG and a Morse code pattern. What does this mean?

The aerodrome uses green light signals at night

There is an aerodrome light beacon which flashes green

When the light flashes green, the aerodrome is open to all traffic

#4. Review the chart excerpt. Which altimeter setting should be used when flying under the base of the Yorkshire CTA over Barnsley to ensure vertical separation from the lower airspace boundary?

Barnsley Regional Pressure Setting.

Standard Pressure (1013.25 hPa)

QFE of nearest aerodrome.

Local QNH

#5. An aircraft is heading 270° with 7° left drift; variation from the chart is 2°W and the compass correction card indicates 4°E deviation. What is the aircraft's true track?

265°

269°

253°

#6. Allowing for one hour's reserve fuel, how far can an aircraft travel with 50 litres of useable fuel, using 22 litres per hour with a groundspeed of 90kts?

204.5nm

114.5nm

106.5nm

22 l/hr with 50 litres = 2.273 hours maximum endurance.

Leaving one hour reserve, calculate distance travelled in 1.273 hours (1h16m23s) at 90kt.

114.5nm

#7. The shortest track between two points on the earth is called

a Rhumb Line

a Great Circle

a direct meridian

#8. An aircraft is heading 201° with 12° left drift; variation from the chart is 6°W and the compass correction card indicates 6°E deviation. What is the aircraft's true track?

189°

203°

213°

#9. The circled large number 2 with smaller number 6 in the image depicted is a Maximum Elevation Figure (MEF). What defines this?

The highest elevation above mean sea level within a quadrant, including terrain and other vertical obstacles.

The highest elevation above the immediate surrounding ground within a quadrant, including terrain and other vertical obstacles.

The highest altitude above mean sea level one can fly at within Visual Flying Rules.

The highest elevation depicted as a flight level within a quadrant, including terrain and other vertical obstacles.

How an MEF is worked out:

Elevation of obstacle top, above mean sea level: 2424

Possible vertical error: 100

added together = 2524

Raise to the following 100′ level: 2600

MEF: 2^6

#10. Zero degrees latitude is found

in the Southern Hemisphere

Over Greenwich, London, UK

in the Northern Hemisphere

at the equator

#11. In reference to the earth's magnetic field, Where is dip the greatest?

The magnetic poles

The magnetic equator

Dip is equal at all locations around the earth

#12. On a chart, 12cm represents 60km, what is the scale of the chart?

1:500,000

1:1,000,000

1:250,000

On a 1:500,000 (or “half-mill”) chart, each centimetre represents an actual distance of 50,000cm – or 500m, 0.5km.

#13. True heading is 270°. Magnetic variation is 10° East. What is magnetic heading?

260°

270°

Cannot be calculated, insufficient information

280°

#14. Typically found on 1:250,000 chart, the transverse Mercator projection method has lines of longitude that:

are parallel to one another

run parallel to the equator

converge at the equator, with their widest distance from one another at the Earth's poles

converge at the Earth's poles, with their widest distance from one another at the equator

#15. A rhumb line

is always curved on any chart

cut meridians at the same angle

is always a straight line on any chart

#16. What is an isogonal?

A line joining places of equal deviation

A line joining places of nil deviation

A line joining places of equal variation

A line joining places of nil variation

#17. How is mph (statute miles) converted to knots (nautical miles)?

multiply by 0.8

divide by 1.15

multiply by 1.25

multiply by 1.15

#18. The distance of 1nm is equivalent to

the distance of one arc minute on the prime meridian only

the distance of one arc minute on a meridian

the distance of ten arc minutes on a meridian

Lines of longitude, also called lines of meridian.

They converge at the poles, with their farthest distance from one another at the equator.

Each degree of latitude is 60nm; each minute, of which sixty make up one degree, is therefore 1 nm.

#19. Refer to the image with the MEF (Maximum Elevation Figure) circled. Which of the following statements is correct?

One should fly at least 2600 feet altitude in order to avoid hitting any obstacles.

One is not permitted to fly about 2600 feet altitude in that quadrant.

One should fly above 2600 feet altitude in order to avoid hitting any obstacles.

One should fly at a flight level 0026 in order to avoid hitting any obstacles.

#20. You plan a flight over Barnsley. By Referencing the 1:500,000 chart, you note that the Yorkshire CTA (A) is above Barnsley. With a QNH of 1006 Hectopascals, the base of the Yorkshire CTA over Barnsley will be at approximately which altitude above mean sea level (AMSL) ?

5,500ft

5,710ft

4,939ft

5,290ft

The Yorkshire CTA is at FL55 (Flight level 55 and above), 5500 feet using standard pressure settings (QNE.)

This is assuming an altimeter subscale setting of 1013 hectopascals.

With the given QNH of 1006 hPa, there is a difference of 7 hPa under the QNE standard; assuming 30 feet per hPa, 30 x 7 = 210, so the base of the CTA would be 5500-210 = 5290 feet altitude.

The question here has been kind enough to remind you that altitude is expressed as above mean sea level.

Height is above ground, and flight levels are assuming a fixed setting of 1013 hPa, irrespective of current meteorological conditions.

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